Conquest
Conquest is the annexation or control of another entity's territory through war or coercion. Historically, conquest was frequent in the international system, and there were limited normative or legal prohibitions against conquest.
The onset and diffusion of nationalism (the belief that the nation and state should be congruent), starting in the 19th century, made conquest increasingly unfeasible. Prohibitions against conquest were codified with the establishment of the League of Nations at the end of World War I and the United Nations at the end of World War II.
Scholars have debated the strength of a norm against conquest since 1945. Conquest of large swaths of territory has been rare since the end of World War II. However, states have since 1945 continued to pursue annexation of small swaths of territory.
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